慢病隨訪管理系統(tǒng)：常見的慢性疾病有哪些？

　　　　常見的慢性疾病有哪些？

What are common chronic diseases?

　　目前常見的慢性疾病主要有以下幾種：風(fēng)濕免疫科：銀屑病；

The common chronic diseases currently include the following: Rheumatology and Immunology: Psoriasis;

　　神經(jīng)內(nèi)科主要包括腦出血，腦梗死遺留下來的后遺癥，失語、活動障礙等，除此之外還有帕金森以及癲癇；

Neurology mainly includes cerebral hemorrhage, sequelae left by cerebral infarction, aphasia, activity disorders, etc. In addition, there are also Parkinson's disease and epilepsy;

　　內(nèi)分泌科主要包括糖尿病導(dǎo)致的心腦腎眼等并發(fā)癥，以及甲亢導(dǎo)致的心功能不全；呼吸科主要包括肺心病，尤其是肺心病的失代償期；

Endocrinology department mainly includes complications such as heart, brain, kidney and eye caused by diabetes, and cardiac insufficiency caused by hyperthyroidism; Respiratory department mainly includes pulmonary heart disease, especially the decompensated period of pulmonary heart disease;

　　心血管科主要指高血壓合并心腦腎眼等并發(fā)癥；

Cardiovascular disease mainly refers to hypertension combined with complications such as heart, brain, kidney, and eye;

　　消化科主要是指慢性肝炎的活動期。

Gastroenterology mainly refers to the active phase of chronic hepatitis.

　　從以上幾種慢性病可以看出，其單獨的原發(fā)性的病灶往往不會被列為慢性病，只有當(dāng)其出現(xiàn)了心腦腎眼等并發(fā)癥時，才屬于慢性病范疇，因為這些并發(fā)癥其帶來的危害，往往要超過原發(fā)病帶來的危害，比如高血壓患者，單純的血壓升高及下降，醫(yī)生只需要用藥物進(jìn)行調(diào)整即可，但是如果患者出現(xiàn)了并發(fā)癥，則處理上非常困難，會出現(xiàn)心臟的并發(fā)癥，表現(xiàn)為心衰、心梗；顱腦并發(fā)癥表現(xiàn)為腦梗和腦出血；眼的并發(fā)癥主要是視乳頭水腫，甚至失明；而對于腎臟的并發(fā)癥，主要表現(xiàn)為腎梗死，這些并發(fā)癥的危險性都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過普通高血壓波動對人體造成的危害。

From the above several chronic diseases, it can be seen that their individual primary lesions are often not classified as chronic diseases. Only when complications such as heart, brain, kidney, and eye occur, they belong to the category of chronic diseases, because the harm brought by these complications often exceeds the harm brought by the original disease. For example, in patients with hypertension, simple blood pressure rise and fall can be adjusted by doctors with medication. However, if patients have complications, treatment is very difficult, and heart complications such as heart failure and myocardial infarction may occur; Craniocerebral complications manifest as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage; The main complications of the eye are optic disc edema and even blindness; For renal complications, the main manifestation is renal infarction, and the risk of these complications far exceeds the harm caused by fluctuations in normal hypertension to the human body.

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